A Fifth Spacetime Dimension as real as the Other Three Spatial Dimensions - yes it can be visualized
Frank Hafner fifthspacetimedimension@gmail.com
Quantum Mechanics, General Relativity, And String Theory Have Fundamental Shortfalls as they all work in different definitions of space. This Suggests They Can All Coexist Equally In One Common Definition Of Space. The Intent Is To Define That Space As An Added Spatial Dimension As Real As The Other Three. Imagine You Lived In A Two-Dimensional World Where All You Had To Walk On Was A Tight Rope. Then Add A Dimension Allowing You To Walk In Any Direction Greatly Improving Your Ability To Move About. This Would Have Large Implication for Physics?
About Frank
From an early age I was intrigued with the concept of infinity as it related to big and small. That interest remains active through today.
At San Diego State University I spent two summers in Fairbanks, Alaska working alongside the leader of the Systems Ecology Research Group. My task was to develop insight on what might happen as the permafrost melted. The project was funded by the Department of Energy, and its primary goal was to model how the tundra would react to disturbances such as an Alaska pipeline leak, or global warming. My biggest contribution was the recommendation and justification of using spy satellites to acquire worldwide baseline data on global warmings. My recommendation was adopted, and the data was thus created and remains in use today. At the culmination of my research, I was invited to present my findings to local and visiting scientists.
At San Diego State University I spent two summers in Fairbanks, Alaska working alongside the leader of the Systems Ecology Research Group. My task was to develop insight on what might happen as the permafrost melted. The project was funded by the Department of Energy, and its primary goal was to model how the tundra would react to disturbances such as an Alaska pipeline leak, or global warming. My biggest contribution was the recommendation and justification of using spy satellites to acquire worldwide baseline data on global warmings. My recommendation was adopted, and the data was thus created and remains in use today. At the culmination of my research, I was invited to present my findings to local and visiting scientists.
I moved on to the Naval Ocean Systems Center as a contract staff scientist with Integrated Sciences Company, and after my time at the Center worked for the City of San Diego. During that period, I stayed in contact with the Navy Lab and the Systems Ecology Research Group team. The Navy continued to tap me for insight into problems of interest to them - one example of which was how to make San Diego tsunami-ready.
Following my retirement from the City of San Diego. I have stayed in touch with George Galdorisi, the strategic planning director of what is now known as the Navy Information Warfare Center. George is my biggest cheerleader relating to my work with the new gravity perspective and gave me his blessing to affiliate with the Naval Ocean Systems Center for this research. In addition to my presentation at the Midwest Relativity Meeting, I gave a poster presentation on a new gravity perspective to the APS April 2021 meeting, Quarks 2 Cosmos.
Following my retirement from the City of San Diego. I have stayed in touch with George Galdorisi, the strategic planning director of what is now known as the Navy Information Warfare Center. George is my biggest cheerleader relating to my work with the new gravity perspective and gave me his blessing to affiliate with the Naval Ocean Systems Center for this research. In addition to my presentation at the Midwest Relativity Meeting, I gave a poster presentation on a new gravity perspective to the APS April 2021 meeting, Quarks 2 Cosmos.
Discussion
There is a spatial dimension missing from the Einstein field equations. This dimension is as real as the other three spatial dimensions and can be visualized. The Universe’s expansion in this dimension explains the illusion of dark energy and more. It is simply the accelerating unwinding of spacetime into the fourth spatial dimension with decreasing Universe mass density.
When the Universe began, all matter and energy was confined to a tightly bound volume resulting in near infinite spacetime curvature. As the universe expands mass density and spacetime curvature decrease. This results in Universe expansion in two directions – parallel and normal to the path of light. Think tetherball – The ball moving around the pole is the path of light. Movement away from the pole is normal to the path of light – Universe unwinding. See illustrations below.
There is something yet unknown that keeps matter, energy, and gravity from freely moving into the added spatial dimension. But some matter, energy, and gravity tunnel into and out of the added dimension resulting in far reaching implications. There would be a new gravitational constant. The impact is too small to be easily noticed locally but becomes quite clear on the cosmic scale. Noise, turbulence, and uncertainty decreases. Time could be converted directly into energy. This may be the driving force that allows lightning to span great distances.
When the Universe began, all matter and energy was confined to a tightly bound volume resulting in near infinite spacetime curvature. As the universe expands mass density and spacetime curvature decrease. This results in Universe expansion in two directions – parallel and normal to the path of light. Think tetherball – The ball moving around the pole is the path of light. Movement away from the pole is normal to the path of light – Universe unwinding. See illustrations below.
There is something yet unknown that keeps matter, energy, and gravity from freely moving into the added spatial dimension. But some matter, energy, and gravity tunnel into and out of the added dimension resulting in far reaching implications. There would be a new gravitational constant. The impact is too small to be easily noticed locally but becomes quite clear on the cosmic scale. Noise, turbulence, and uncertainty decreases. Time could be converted directly into energy. This may be the driving force that allows lightning to span great distances.
Dark matter and baryon asymmetry could be thought of as primordial antimatter decaying back into the primal element ordered information via weak force charge parity violation. It still its gravitational and spatial attributes. Matter did not decay as it was immune to added weak force decay. This only happened at pressures and temperatures existing near Universe inception. The new gravitational constant is a needed force multiplier to up the dark matter effect to required levels.
There are three measured values of the Hubble Constant. Arguably the Universe is made up of three independent things - ordered information, gravity, and the elements of E=Mc^2. These can be viewed from two perspectives, parallel and normal to the path of light. Ordered information, gravity, and E=Mc^2 might interact differently in this dualism of space. The characteristics of the new definition space may be garnered from these three values of the Hubble constant. The value of the illusion dark energy would also be in play.
• 67 km/sec/Mpc Cosmic microwave background - Information• 70 km/sec/Mpc Gravity waves - Gravity• 73 km/sec/Mpc Supernovae – E=Mc^2
The above infers a new equation – OI = t = E = Mc^2
Where OI is ordered information and t is time.
There are three measured values of the Hubble Constant. Arguably the Universe is made up of three independent things - ordered information, gravity, and the elements of E=Mc^2. These can be viewed from two perspectives, parallel and normal to the path of light. Ordered information, gravity, and E=Mc^2 might interact differently in this dualism of space. The characteristics of the new definition space may be garnered from these three values of the Hubble constant. The value of the illusion dark energy would also be in play.
• 67 km/sec/Mpc Cosmic microwave background - Information• 70 km/sec/Mpc Gravity waves - Gravity• 73 km/sec/Mpc Supernovae – E=Mc^2
The above infers a new equation – OI = t = E = Mc^2
Where OI is ordered information and t is time.
Draft Manuscript -edited 1 year ago
IntroductionThere exists a full-scale fifth spacetime dimension where the universe expands along two degrees of freedom, parallel and normal to light. A tetherball’s path around the pole represents the parallel path. The radial path away from the pole increasing by one radius per revolution is the normal path. At the inception of the Universe, near infinite mass density created near infinite spacetime curvature. Since then, the universe has expanded as unwinding spacetime through the fifth dimension as mass density decreased - the illusion of dark energy. This alters the Einstein field equations by adding a dimension thus redefining general relativity. The gravitational constant is replaced by a new constant based on graviton interaction between the two degrees of freedom expansion.
The cosmological constant is replaced by the unwinding of spacetime in the normal direction. Two degrees of freedom expansion redefines space and time. Dark matter may be accounted for by the application of a new gravitational constant to decayed antimatter via weak force charge parity violation near inception to form space dependent information with gravitational attributes. This may account for baryon asymmetry. Suggested math approaches are shown at the end of this manuscript.
Gravitons move primarily parallel to light, however light and gravitons can move through the fifth spacetime dimension via quasi tunneling.
Tunneling contributes to composite gravity. The tunneling of wave/particles is quantum foam. Different magnitudes of gravity in parallel and normal expansion results in different rates of time requiring equalization events that converts time directly into energy. This might explain high energy events like gamma-ray bursts possibly down to time crystals accounting for unchanging entropy with no apparent energy input. Further fifth spacetime implications may help develop the theory of everything. Time equalization might become an energy source. It would advance precision of measurement key to developing practical quantum computers, fusion reactors, and better health care via advanced computations.
Graphics used for Posters and PowerPoint Presentations
Here is a shot at summarizing what validating math might look like.
Add a spatial dimension to the Einstein field equations holding the same orthogonal relation as the other three spatial dimensions.
The universe expands along two degrees of freedom - along the x, y, z coordinates we know and a direction normal to those coordinates. Think tetherball - x, y, z, coordinate expansion is the ball moving around the pole. The normal expansion is the ball moving away from the pole.
The Universe unwinds into the fourth spatial dimension as an inverse function of decreasing mass density as the Universe expands. This unwinding is the illusion of dark energy.
The goal is to show the newly calculated expansion rate aligns with the illusion of dark energy thus negating it. Should that be the case, dark matter could be considered in a different light particularly with respect to baryon asymmetry. I suspect the field equations would become too complex for any practical applications. As string theory is an extension of Kaluza/Klein, the math might be well on its way there.
The three different measured values of the Hubble Constant would help define the attributes of the added dimension. It shows how information, gravity, and matter/energy... interact differently with the added dimension.
Applications - adding a dimension to modeling phenomena reduces turbulence and uncertainty taking quantum computers and fusion power over the top or more simply stated bring the nature of physics beyond the standard model. And a stepping stone towards the theory of everything.
Add a spatial dimension to the Einstein field equations holding the same orthogonal relation as the other three spatial dimensions.
The universe expands along two degrees of freedom - along the x, y, z coordinates we know and a direction normal to those coordinates. Think tetherball - x, y, z, coordinate expansion is the ball moving around the pole. The normal expansion is the ball moving away from the pole.
The Universe unwinds into the fourth spatial dimension as an inverse function of decreasing mass density as the Universe expands. This unwinding is the illusion of dark energy.
The goal is to show the newly calculated expansion rate aligns with the illusion of dark energy thus negating it. Should that be the case, dark matter could be considered in a different light particularly with respect to baryon asymmetry. I suspect the field equations would become too complex for any practical applications. As string theory is an extension of Kaluza/Klein, the math might be well on its way there.
The three different measured values of the Hubble Constant would help define the attributes of the added dimension. It shows how information, gravity, and matter/energy... interact differently with the added dimension.
Applications - adding a dimension to modeling phenomena reduces turbulence and uncertainty taking quantum computers and fusion power over the top or more simply stated bring the nature of physics beyond the standard model. And a stepping stone towards the theory of everything.
Acknowledgements
George Galdorisi, Strategic Planning Director, Navy Information Warfare Center
Positive feedback to keep at it and get it to those who can do something with it.
Anita Petzler, Macquarie University AU Astrophysics PhD candidate
While highly skeptical, provides insight on what should be addressed with theory – tunneling, the forces, uncertainty principle, radiation pressure, charge parity violation, math approaches…
Chad Q. Martin, Principle designer at HP. Chad spent most time learning the concepts. He edited the graphics and language to better aling with intended meaning.Lew Shrinkle, founder, Conner Peripherals and Ample
Helped define the nature of dimensions and tunneling.Megan Li, UCSD astrophysics undergradHelped edit abstract and poster that influenced manuscript.Irv KassIntroduced me to the finer points of the Torah, and Kabbalah that led to Koran. Philosophy material to be added latter.
Kris PennerArtist who - with Linda O'Dell - created painting on Sacred Island off Chile. Painting shown before the Abstract above.
Linda O’DellKris' co-Artist off Chile.
Mark Olsztyn, commissioned abstract artistPatinting shown after Abstract.Matt Searle, physics professor, Grossmont CollegeIntroduced me to early efforts to add a fifth spacetime dimension to the field equations.
Steve Oberbauer, Biology Professor, Florida International University Kept me connected with science through the years. Proofread poster.Person X, mathematician Helped with terminology and confidence to continue.Cristal Perez Edited manuscript.Christa Stiles, graphic designer, Genigraphics Created illustrations for the poster and manucript Shannon Stiles, International Relations Professor Edited manuscript.
I invite any and all questions you might have about this therory and the Universe we live in.
© Frank Hafner, 2023. All rights reserved.